Learning From the Counseling Techniques Of Jesus
Dr. Wesley G. Rowe, Senior Pastor,
Calvary Bible Church, Ypsilanti, MI

I have been asked to teach the session entitled, "Learning Counseling Principles From Jesus" or "The Counseling Techniques Of Jesus".

Let me say several things to you before I embark upon this session.

1.) I prefer much more to think of Jesus as the Scriptures commonly present Him to us, as a preacher and a teacher. We often read in the Gospels that Jesus traveledfrom village to village, town to town, city to city preaching and teaching.

2.) Biblical counseling is no more and no less than discipleship. When we counsel, we are discipling. We are attempting to assist our brothers/sisters in Christ in becoming an obedient follower of Jesus Christ.

3.) The primary goal of biblical counseling is obedience to Jesus Christ. (Col. 1:28, "We proclaim him, admonishing and teaching everyone with all wisdom, so that we may present everyone perfect in Christ."; II Cor. 5:9, "We make it our goal to please Him . . ." I Cor. 10:31, " . . . whatever you do, do it all for the glory of God."; II Cor. 10:5, " . . . and we take captive every thought to make it obedient to Christ.")
As pastors, teachers, counselors or fellow Christians, (you might not be a pastor, teacher, counselor, but a lay person who is here today to sharpen your skills as a layperson), our ultimate goal in counseling is to assist the person with whom we are working in becoming obedient to Jesus Christ. No matter what the problem, that is our primary goal.
We are not Rogerians who believe that simply through reaffirming what the "counselee" is saying that he/she has an inherent goodness and will ultimately come to the conclusion himself/herself of what is right and will do it.
Our responsibility in working with counselees is to speak the truth and trust the Holy Spirit to convict, convince and empower the Christian to obey Him, regardless of what the problem is.

Now having said that, I want you to take your Bibles and look with me at some passages in the Gospels where Jesus did some individual counseling/discipleship. It is a remarkable study to travel through the gospels and reflect upon how Jesus responded to people who complained to him when they felt abused, mistreated, neglected or taken advantage of by other people. And I am going to do that with you right now by selectively (not exhaustively) looking at some of these passages and I want us to learn some valuable principles from Jesus.
I plan to allow time for questions, comments or answers at the end of each of my sessions so if you will simply take notes and hold your questions or comments until the end, I plan to allow time for them then.
I. Luke 10:38-42. Jesus' counseling of Martha.
Jesus comes to town and Mary has been waiting for Him to come so that she can drink from His well and sit at his feet and listen to Him teach eternal truth. But Martha is distracted from that because so many things need to be done. So she comes to Jesus and says, "Lord, don't you care that my sister has left me to do the work by myself? Tell her to help me" (v. 40).
Learn several things:
1.) The presenting problem is not the real problem! (as we will later see from Jesus' response to Martha)
Be assured that Martha was experiencing real, emotional pain. She was hurting inside and the problem that she presents to Jesus is that Mary is the cause of her problems.
As biblical counselors, you must learn to recognize and distinguish the presenting problem(s) from the real problem(s).
Examples of how many Christians would respond to Martha's complaint:
-"O, poor Martha, I can't believe that Mary has done that to you."
-"Yes, I would be upset too."
-"Well, I will go tell her to get in here and help you."
-Or, they would get mad at Mary too and complain to others like Martha did!
2.) The proposed solution is not the biblical solution.
Martha's solution is for Jesus to do something for her that will take her out of misery, namely, "Tell her to help me". That is the solution to my problem. Mary must do something for me.
As biblical counselors, you must learn to recognize and distinguish the proposed solutions from biblical solutions.
Examples of this:
-A Christian wife praying that her unsaved husband would either leave her or have an affair so she could divorce him and be out from under the pressure of the unequally yoked marriage.
-File bankruptcy and you won't have to pay anyone.
-Let the runaway 16 year old, rebellious child live with me.
3.) Jesus courageously confronts the real problem and offers the biblical solution
(vv. 41-42).
Jesus tells Martha that she was the cause of her problems though she thought Mary was. Jesus in effect tells Martha that she is feeling that way because her life is not focused on the most important things-things that Mary has chosen for her life. He says, "Martha, Martha, you are worried and upset about so many things, but only one thing is needful. Mary has chosen what is better, and I will not take it away from her."
As biblical counselors, you must be courageous enough to lovingly confront the real issues in the counselee's life if you would be successful in bringing them to holiness.
This is often interpreted by the counselee as "the counselor (pastor) is harsh and unloving."
4.) Martha was hurting inside because she was thinking wrongly and Jesus loved her enough to tell her so.
Biblical counselors need to understand that how a counselee thinks will determine in large degree to how the counselee behaves. The biblical counselor will find that he/she meets with success if he/she is willing to lovingly confront the sinful thinking and show how it conflicts with God's Word so that the counselee can begin to see things from God's point of view.
5.) Notice too that this passage certainly illustrates for us that a godly person can be wrong in his/her thinking and behavior.
6.) Did you notice that just because a person complains about something that is bothering him/her that it does not mean that the complaint was valid.
This is a common mistake that counselors and fellow Christians make when they lack experience in discipling others. They too often assume that because a person (friend!) feels a certain way, those feelings are valid and are to be affirmed and agreed with.
7.) Did you also notice from this passage that Jesus did not allow deep affection and close friendship to affect his primary loyalty to His father. Jesus stood for what was right before His Father and was not blinded by His relationship with a member of the "Lazarus family."
8.) Did you notice that this "counseling session" (discipleship opportunity) took place in the drama of Jesus' life and was not a "sit-down, come to the office" session.
Many, many counseling (discipleship) opportunities will occur in the daily drama of life. Learn to look for them and respond appropriately (biblically).

II. Luke 12:13-15. Jesus' response to a request for help in settling a dispute between two brothers.
Before I proceed, I want you to interact with me a little bit. You tell me what you notice that these two passages have in common?
A.) Both passages involve complaints to Jesus and dissatisfaction about other persons.
B.) Both passages present to us persons who think that someone else is the cause of their misery and if that person changes his/her behavior, it will make me happy and my life will be what I want it to be!

So, learn the following from these two passages and 23+ years of experience in counseling will confirm this to be true:

Most counseling opportunities will involve situations where the counselee thinks that his/her problems in life are due to another person(s), and further if that person(s) will make changes in his/her life, the counselee will become happy and all his/her problems in life will be solved. The real issue that the biblical counselor needs to address is that the counselee has lost his/her own focus on Christ and eternal issues (This is true of Martha and this anonymous man in Luke 12).

Learn the following from Luke 12:13-15.

1.) Jesus does not accept the request for help. The business between the man and his brother was not Jesus' call in life.
Many times counselees will come to us wanting to involve us though they are not really interested in hearing the truth so that they can live in truth and thus glorify God. Rather their goals in coming to us are for the counselor (pastor!) to: (a.) solve their problems; (b.) remove them from their problems; (c.) side with them even when they are wrong.

Our goal as biblical counselors is not for ourselves to solve the problems of the counselee (that's his/her responsibility!); take the counselee out of his/her problem(s); or to side with them (We represent God-"ambassadors of Christ"). Our goal is to assist the counselee in becoming obedient to Jesus Christ even in the midst of the problem(s) as they are being solved!
We too often cater to the sinful whims of God's people. This keeps progress from being made in holiness.

2.) The presenting problem is not the real problem.
To the man crying out to Jesus, the problem is his brother needs to divide the inheritance with him. To Jesus the real problem was greed.
He is angry, disappointed, offended, slighted, mistreated. He blurts out to Jesus, "Teacher, tell my brother to share my parents will with me." How would you respond? Do you automatically assume that the complaint, the hurt that is being expressed is the real root of the problem? Jesus didn't. Jesus knew that the man's complaint and hurt was only a symptom of a sin problem in his own heart that he needed desperately to deal with. And Jesus loves him enough to bring it to his attention. I just imagine that far too many Christians would immediately side with this young man, stand with him in his complaint, put their arm around him, cry with him and in so doing confirm him in his sinful attitude sending him on his way even more sinful, never pausing for even a second to consider, "maybe the hurt and pain is due to his sin and not his brothers." Jesus refused to treat symptoms and always looked for the real cause. My dear brothers and sisters, so must you if you would truly help people overcome their mental, emotional and spiritual pains.

3.) Jesus lovingly confronts the real problem and offers a biblical solution (v. 15).
This will require real courage by any man or woman who desires to be a biblical counselor.

III. John 21:15-22. Peter's complaint about John.

Talk to me again about this text, focusing specifically upon vv. 18-22, before I share a few thoughts about it.

Learn the following:

1.) Notice again that Peter's complaint involves another person! There is an issue troubling Peter centered upon another person that he really has no right or reason to have an interest in.


2.) Just because someone was really hurting/worried/concerned did not mean to Jesus it was justified.
Jesus knows that if Peter is willing to deal with the real issue, his worry/hurt/concern will go away.

3.) Jesus is lovingly abrupt and direct in his response to Peter and he gets right to the heart of the issue (v. 22). God has different plans for different lives and we must not compare God's plan for our life with His plan for another believer's life.
The Bible tells us that Jesus is telling Peter ahead of time how he will die. We know that Peter was led to a cross where he was crucified upside down. Peter began to reflect on what Jesus said his future held and he began to worry about it. In fact, he really began to worry about it when it hit him that Jesus hadn't foretold such an ignominous death for his buddy, the Apostle John. So Peter asked about Jesus about John. He said, "Lord, how will John die?" Will you make sure that he goes through the same type of pain as me? Now Peter asked that because he was hurting for himself inside. His emotional pain was real. You know how Jesus handled it? He said, "Sure Peter, I will make life fair and see to it that John gets just what I have planned for you." No Jesus did not. He confronted Peter and said, "Peter, if I want John to remain alive until I return, what business is that of yours?" Just because someone was really hurting inside did not mean to Jesus it was justified. In fact, in many cases if they were willing to deal with the real issue Jesus knew that the hurt would go away.

4.) Jesus tells Peter that his responsibility was the same responsibility that all Christians have regardless of what goes on in another person's life. Peter "must follow Christ."

IV. Matthew 15:12-14. Jesus' response to being offensive in His teaching.
What does it mean to be offended? When we say that a person is offended, what do we mean by that? I am assuming that the disciples mean that Jesus' teaching has "hurt", "emotionally hurt" the Pharisees because it went against their beliefs and practices.
Learn the following:
1.) Are the disciples suggesting to Jesus that He tone down His teaching so that the Pharisees won't be offended? Maybe so.
Be assured of this. In your role as counselors/ disciplers/teachers, you will be "encouraged" to not be offensive (to not hurt someone through what you say). My friends, you cannot be true to Christ in your counseling endeavors and never be offensive!
2.) Though at this point of time in their lives, the disciples are concerned (troubled!) that Jesus has offended the Pharisees with His teaching, Jesus is not bothered by this at all.
Jesus' explanation is that the offensive teaching is to be expected! Jesus explains to the disciples that the offensive teaching is not due to any fault in what He is saying, but rather it is because the Pharisees have not been "planted by the Father" and His teaching is ripping them out by the roots.

V. Matthew 20:1-15. Jesus' parable of the workers in the vineyard.
Learn the following:
1.) Notice in v. 15 that Jesus addresses the "real issue." The "real issue" to Jesus was not fairness/justice as the "older workers" complained. Rather, to Jesus the "real issue" was anger at the Vineyard Owner's generosity/ graciousness to others.
The attitude of the "older" vineyard workers in this parable is highly similar to the attitude of the "older" brother in the parable of the lost son/prodigal son.

VI. Matt. 16:21-23. Peter's foolish rebuke of Jesus.

VII. Matt. 22:30. Error due to not knowing the Scriptures.

TWENTY-ONE ELEMENTARY PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL COUNSELING
1. Do view all counseling opportunities as discipleship and teaching.
2. Do build close relationships with people. Close relationships afford the best opportunities for counseling (discipleship).
3. Do stay true to Christ though even when counseling/discipling close friends and family members. While not being a "busybody" in the affairs of others, do look for providentially appointed opportunities in the daily drama of life for counseling/discipleship (dropping words of wisdom here and there). These "unscheduled, divine appointments" also provide excellent opportunities for bearing fruit in counseling.
4. Do carry the conviction that the goal of biblical counseling is obedience to Jesus Christ.

5. Do study and learn the Scriptures thoroughly so that you can make use of them regularly in your counseling (discipleship). Isaiah 8:19-20; II Tim. 3:16-17.
6. Do look for the "real" issues. Don't assume the "presenting problem" is the real problem.
7. Do be willing to point out real problem(s)/issues. Jesus did! Do be willing to speak boldly and plainly. The counselee should never leave your presence in doubt as to where you stand on issues that are clear cut in the Scriptures.
8. Do be willing to provide biblical solutions. Jesus did! Don't assume the "presenting solution" is the biblical solution. It often isn't even close.
Do be prepared to receive persecution and "leap for joy that you are counted worthy to suffer for His Name." You cannot be a biblical counselor without offending many persons.
9. Do look for wrong/sinful thinking in the counselee. Unbiblical thinking is very often the cause of the counselee's problem(s). Use the Scriptures to challenge and correct the counselee's thinking and often times he/she will change their behavior and though the problem(s) that brought him/her in for counseling still remain, the counselee will have found healing.
10. Do know that just because a counselee complains that it does not mean that he/she has the right to complain or that the complaints are valid.
11. Do give the counselee hope. Jesus did! There is no behavioral/emotional/spiritual problem that a Christian can not make progress with through learning the Word of God and applying it through the help of the Holy Spirit.
Do be assured from Scripture that the counselee can have a joy-filled life regardless of the circumstances if he/she will seek the Lord and live obediently to Him. Do emphasize to the counselee that there are "treasures" provided to all believers that equip him/her to obey Christ and find joy in doing so.

12. Do lovingly challenge and correct faulty thinking that presupposes that for the counselee to find joy and a quality Christian life, another person must change his/her behavior. A Christian's joy in Christ and quality of life is determined by his/her own walk with Christ and no one else.
13. Do encourage the counselee to focus on his/her own walk with the Lord and his/her own obedience even if the problems that brought the counselee in for counseling never change. In each session, remind the counselee that he/she might not be able to change the situation that brought the counselee in for counseling. But the counselee can respond either righteously to the situation or unrighteously. Assure the counselee that there are benefits in responding righteously and that there are consequences to him/her in responding unrighteously.

14. Do know that biblical counselors can't and are not called of God to provide instant cures for other people's problems (or to solve their problems or remove them from their problems). They are responsible before God for correcting their own problems.
15. Do know that some change (growth) takes time. This is the principle of "progressive sanctification." Therefore, be patient. So long as the counselee maintains a teachable spirit and is making progress, do not give up in trying to help the person. Great joy awaits your efforts when they yield "the peaceable fruit of righteousness" in the counselee's life.
16. Do look for what changes can and should take place immediately.
17. When counseling couples with marriage problems, do not allow them to draw you into addressing symptoms. Also, do not allow them to draw you into addressing a 1 time sin or mistake that irritates their partner. Rather, look for patterns of behavior that conflict with the Scriptures. In other words, learn to evaluate what the person says and learn to evaluate what the person does as part of the bigger picture. Look for patterns of behavior that are sinful. In this way, you won't treat one time failures or one time sins.
18. Make sure that you counsel the person to replace sinful habits with righteous ones and hold them firmly accountable to the necessity of establishing good habits. It usually takes 6 weeks of practicing righteous behavior for it to become a habit and to replace a sinful habit.
19. Do counsel the person who is present! Don't make the mistake of counseling the person who is not present. Focus on what the counselee can do to glorify God and better his/her own life through obedience to God.
20. Do collect all necessary data before jumping to conclusions. Don't jump to conclusions without hearing the other person's side (Prov. 18:17). When inexperienced in the ministry, I made this mistake quite a few times.
21. Don't be afraid to say, "I don't know, but I will pray about it, search the Scriptures and seek counsel from others (with permission only) and I will get back to you soon."