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Learning From the Counseling
Techniques Of Jesus
Dr. Wesley G. Rowe, Senior Pastor,
Calvary Bible Church, Ypsilanti, MI
I have
been asked to teach the session entitled, "Learning Counseling
Principles From Jesus" or "The Counseling Techniques Of
Jesus".
Let me
say several things to you before I embark upon this session.
1.) I
prefer much more to think of Jesus as the Scriptures commonly
present Him to us, as a preacher and a teacher. We often read in
the Gospels that Jesus traveledfrom village to village, town to
town, city to city preaching and teaching.
2.)
Biblical counseling is no more and no less than discipleship. When
we counsel, we are discipling. We are attempting to assist our
brothers/sisters in Christ in becoming an obedient follower of
Jesus Christ.
3.) The
primary goal of biblical counseling is obedience to Jesus Christ.
(Col. 1:28, "We proclaim him, admonishing and teaching everyone
with all wisdom, so that we may present everyone perfect in
Christ."; II Cor. 5:9, "We make it our goal to please Him . . ." I
Cor. 10:31, " . . . whatever you do, do it all for the glory of
God."; II Cor. 10:5, " . . . and we take captive every thought to
make it obedient to Christ.")
As pastors, teachers, counselors or fellow Christians, (you might
not be a pastor, teacher, counselor, but a lay person who is here
today to sharpen your skills as a layperson), our ultimate goal in
counseling is to assist the person with whom we are working in
becoming obedient to Jesus Christ. No matter what the problem, that
is our primary goal.
We are not Rogerians who believe that simply through reaffirming
what the "counselee" is saying that he/she has an inherent goodness
and will ultimately come to the conclusion himself/herself of what
is right and will do it.
Our responsibility in working with counselees is to speak the truth
and trust the Holy Spirit to convict, convince and empower the
Christian to obey Him, regardless of what the problem is.
Now
having said that, I want you to take your Bibles and look with me
at some passages in the Gospels where Jesus did some individual
counseling/discipleship. It is a remarkable study to travel through
the gospels and reflect upon how Jesus responded to people who
complained to him when they felt abused, mistreated, neglected or
taken advantage of by other people. And I am going to do that with
you right now by selectively (not exhaustively) looking at some of
these passages and I want us to learn some valuable principles from
Jesus.
I plan
to allow time for questions, comments or answers at the end of each
of my sessions so if you will simply take notes and hold your
questions or comments until the end, I plan to allow time for them
then.
I.
Luke 10:38-42. Jesus' counseling of Martha.
Jesus
comes to town and Mary has been waiting for Him to come so that she
can drink from His well and sit at his feet and listen to Him teach
eternal truth. But Martha is distracted from that because so many
things need to be done. So she comes to Jesus and says, "Lord,
don't you care that my sister has left me to do the work by myself?
Tell her to help me" (v. 40).
Learn
several things:
1.) The
presenting problem is not the real problem! (as we will later see
from Jesus' response to Martha)
Be assured that Martha was experiencing real, emotional pain. She
was hurting inside and the problem that she presents to Jesus is
that Mary is the cause of her problems.
As biblical counselors, you must learn to recognize and distinguish
the presenting problem(s) from the real problem(s).
Examples
of how many Christians would respond to Martha's complaint:
-"O, poor Martha, I can't believe that Mary has done that to
you."
-"Yes, I would be upset too."
-"Well, I will go tell her to get in here and help you."
-Or, they would get mad at Mary too and complain to others like
Martha did!
2.) The
proposed solution is not the biblical solution.
Martha's solution is for Jesus to do something for her that will
take her out of misery, namely, "Tell her to help me". That is the
solution to my problem. Mary must do something for me.
As biblical counselors, you must learn to recognize and distinguish
the proposed solutions from biblical solutions.
Examples
of this:
-A Christian wife praying that her unsaved husband would either
leave her or have an affair so she could divorce him and be out
from under the pressure of the unequally yoked marriage.
-File bankruptcy and you won't have to pay anyone.
-Let the runaway 16 year old, rebellious child live with me.
3.)
Jesus courageously confronts the real problem and offers the
biblical solution
(vv. 41-42).
Jesus tells Martha that she was the cause of her problems though
she thought Mary was. Jesus in effect tells Martha that she is
feeling that way because her life is not focused on the most
important things-things that Mary has chosen for her life. He says,
"Martha, Martha, you are worried and upset about so many things,
but only one thing is needful. Mary has chosen what is better, and
I will not take it away from her."
As biblical counselors, you must be courageous enough to lovingly
confront the real issues in the counselee's life if you would be
successful in bringing them to holiness.
This is often interpreted by the counselee as "the counselor
(pastor) is harsh and unloving."
4.)
Martha was hurting inside because she was thinking wrongly and
Jesus loved her enough to tell her so.
Biblical counselors need to understand that how a counselee thinks
will determine in large degree to how the counselee behaves. The
biblical counselor will find that he/she meets with success if
he/she is willing to lovingly confront the sinful thinking and show
how it conflicts with God's Word so that the counselee can begin to
see things from God's point of view.
5.)
Notice too that this passage certainly illustrates for us that a
godly person can be wrong in his/her thinking and behavior.
6.) Did
you notice that just because a person complains about something
that is bothering him/her that it does not mean that the complaint
was valid.
This is a common mistake that counselors and fellow Christians make
when they lack experience in discipling others. They too often
assume that because a person (friend!) feels a certain way, those
feelings are valid and are to be affirmed and agreed with.
7.) Did
you also notice from this passage that Jesus did not allow deep
affection and close friendship to affect his primary loyalty to His
father. Jesus stood for what was right before His Father and was
not blinded by His relationship with a member of the "Lazarus
family."
8.) Did
you notice that this "counseling session" (discipleship
opportunity) took place in the drama of Jesus' life and was not a
"sit-down, come to the office" session.
Many, many counseling (discipleship) opportunities will occur in
the daily drama of life. Learn to look for them and respond
appropriately (biblically).
II. Luke 12:13-15. Jesus' response to a request for help in
settling a dispute between two brothers.
Before I
proceed, I want you to interact with me a little bit. You tell me
what you notice that these two passages have in common?
A.) Both
passages involve complaints to Jesus and dissatisfaction about
other persons.
B.) Both
passages present to us persons who think that someone else is the
cause of their misery and if that person changes his/her behavior,
it will make me happy and my life will be what I want it to
be!
So,
learn the following from these two passages and 23+ years of
experience in counseling will confirm this to be true:
Most
counseling opportunities will involve situations where the
counselee thinks that his/her problems in life are due to another
person(s), and further if that person(s) will make changes in
his/her life, the counselee will become happy and all his/her
problems in life will be solved. The real issue that the biblical
counselor needs to address is that the counselee has lost his/her
own focus on Christ and eternal issues (This is true of Martha and
this anonymous man in Luke 12).
Learn
the following from Luke 12:13-15.
1.)
Jesus does not accept the request for help. The business between
the man and his brother was not Jesus' call in life.
Many times counselees will come to us wanting to involve us though
they are not really interested in hearing the truth so that they
can live in truth and thus glorify God. Rather their goals in
coming to us are for the counselor (pastor!) to: (a.) solve their
problems; (b.) remove them from their problems; (c.) side with them
even when they are wrong.
Our goal
as biblical counselors is not for ourselves to solve the problems
of the counselee (that's his/her responsibility!); take the
counselee out of his/her problem(s); or to side with them (We
represent God-"ambassadors of Christ"). Our goal is to assist the
counselee in becoming obedient to Jesus Christ even in the midst of
the problem(s) as they are being solved!
We too often cater to the sinful whims of God's people. This keeps
progress from being made in holiness.
2.) The presenting problem is not the real problem.
To the man crying out to Jesus, the problem is his brother needs to
divide the inheritance with him. To Jesus the real problem was
greed.
He is angry, disappointed, offended, slighted, mistreated. He
blurts out to Jesus, "Teacher, tell my brother to share my parents
will with me." How would you respond? Do you automatically assume
that the complaint, the hurt that is being expressed is the real
root of the problem? Jesus didn't. Jesus knew that the man's
complaint and hurt was only a symptom of a sin problem in his own
heart that he needed desperately to deal with. And Jesus loves him
enough to bring it to his attention. I just imagine that far too
many Christians would immediately side with this young man, stand
with him in his complaint, put their arm around him, cry with him
and in so doing confirm him in his sinful attitude sending him on
his way even more sinful, never pausing for even a second to
consider, "maybe the hurt and pain is due to his sin and not his
brothers." Jesus refused to treat symptoms and always looked for
the real cause. My dear brothers and sisters, so must you if you
would truly help people overcome their mental, emotional and
spiritual pains.
3.) Jesus lovingly confronts the real problem and offers a biblical
solution (v. 15).
This will require real courage by any man or woman who desires to
be a biblical counselor.
III. John 21:15-22. Peter's complaint about
John.
Talk to me again about this text, focusing specifically upon vv.
18-22, before I share a few thoughts about it.
Learn
the following:
1.)
Notice again that Peter's complaint involves another person! There
is an issue troubling Peter centered upon another person that he
really has no right or reason to have an interest in.
2.) Just because someone was really hurting/worried/concerned did
not mean to Jesus it was justified.
Jesus knows that if Peter is willing to deal with the real issue,
his worry/hurt/concern will go away.
3.)
Jesus is lovingly abrupt and direct in his response to Peter and he
gets right to the heart of the issue (v. 22). God has different
plans for different lives and we must not compare God's plan for
our life with His plan for another believer's life.
The Bible tells us that Jesus is telling Peter ahead of time how he
will die. We know that Peter was led to a cross where he was
crucified upside down. Peter began to reflect on what Jesus said
his future held and he began to worry about it. In fact, he really
began to worry about it when it hit him that Jesus hadn't foretold
such an ignominous death for his buddy, the Apostle John. So Peter
asked about Jesus about John. He said, "Lord, how will John die?"
Will you make sure that he goes through the same type of pain as
me? Now Peter asked that because he was hurting for himself inside.
His emotional pain was real. You know how Jesus handled it? He
said, "Sure Peter, I will make life fair and see to it that John
gets just what I have planned for you." No Jesus did not. He
confronted Peter and said, "Peter, if I want John to remain alive
until I return, what business is that of yours?" Just because
someone was really hurting inside did not mean to Jesus it was
justified. In fact, in many cases if they were willing to deal with
the real issue Jesus knew that the hurt would go away.
4.)
Jesus tells Peter that his responsibility was the same
responsibility that all Christians have regardless of what goes on
in another person's life. Peter "must follow Christ."
IV. Matthew 15:12-14. Jesus' response to being offensive in
His teaching.
What
does it mean to be offended? When we say that a person is offended,
what do we mean by that? I am assuming that the disciples mean that
Jesus' teaching has "hurt", "emotionally hurt" the Pharisees
because it went against their beliefs and practices.
Learn
the following:
1.) Are
the disciples suggesting to Jesus that He tone down His teaching so
that the Pharisees won't be offended? Maybe so.
Be assured of this. In your role as counselors/
disciplers/teachers, you will be "encouraged" to not be offensive
(to not hurt someone through what you say). My friends, you cannot
be true to Christ in your counseling endeavors and never be
offensive!
2.)
Though at this point of time in their lives, the disciples are
concerned (troubled!) that Jesus has offended the Pharisees with
His teaching, Jesus is not bothered by this at all.
Jesus'
explanation is that the offensive teaching is to be expected! Jesus
explains to the disciples that the offensive teaching is not due to
any fault in what He is saying, but rather it is because the
Pharisees have not been "planted by the Father" and His teaching is
ripping them out by the roots.
V. Matthew 20:1-15. Jesus' parable of the workers in the
vineyard.
Learn
the following:
1.)
Notice in v. 15 that Jesus addresses the "real issue." The "real
issue" to Jesus was not fairness/justice as the "older workers"
complained. Rather, to Jesus the "real issue" was anger at the
Vineyard Owner's generosity/ graciousness to others.
The attitude of the "older" vineyard workers in this parable is
highly similar to the attitude of the "older" brother in the
parable of the lost son/prodigal son.
VI. Matt. 16:21-23. Peter's foolish rebuke of
Jesus.
VII. Matt. 22:30. Error due to not knowing the
Scriptures.
TWENTY-ONE ELEMENTARY PRINCIPLES OF BIBLICAL
COUNSELING
1. Do
view all counseling opportunities as discipleship and
teaching.
2. Do
build close relationships with people. Close relationships afford
the best opportunities for counseling (discipleship).
3. Do
stay true to Christ though even when counseling/discipling close
friends and family members. While not being a "busybody" in the
affairs of others, do look for providentially appointed
opportunities in the daily drama of life for
counseling/discipleship (dropping words of wisdom here and there).
These "unscheduled, divine appointments" also provide excellent
opportunities for bearing fruit in counseling.
4. Do
carry the conviction that the goal of biblical counseling is
obedience to Jesus Christ.
5. Do study and learn the Scriptures thoroughly so that you can
make use of them regularly in your counseling (discipleship).
Isaiah 8:19-20; II Tim. 3:16-17.
6. Do
look for the "real" issues. Don't assume the "presenting problem"
is the real problem.
7. Do be
willing to point out real problem(s)/issues. Jesus did! Do be
willing to speak boldly and plainly. The counselee should never
leave your presence in doubt as to where you stand on issues that
are clear cut in the Scriptures.
8. Do be
willing to provide biblical solutions. Jesus did! Don't assume the
"presenting solution" is the biblical solution. It often isn't even
close.
Do be
prepared to receive persecution and "leap for joy that you are
counted worthy to suffer for His Name." You cannot be a biblical
counselor without offending many persons.
9. Do
look for wrong/sinful thinking in the counselee. Unbiblical
thinking is very often the cause of the counselee's problem(s). Use
the Scriptures to challenge and correct the counselee's thinking
and often times he/she will change their behavior and though the
problem(s) that brought him/her in for counseling still remain, the
counselee will have found healing.
10. Do
know that just because a counselee complains that it does not mean
that he/she has the right to complain or that the complaints are
valid.
11. Do
give the counselee hope. Jesus did! There is no
behavioral/emotional/spiritual problem that a Christian can not
make progress with through learning the Word of God and applying it
through the help of the Holy Spirit.
Do be assured from Scripture that the counselee can have a
joy-filled life regardless of the circumstances if he/she will seek
the Lord and live obediently to Him. Do emphasize to the counselee
that there are "treasures" provided to all believers that equip
him/her to obey Christ and find joy in doing so.
12. Do lovingly challenge and correct faulty thinking that
presupposes that for the counselee to find joy and a quality
Christian life, another person must change his/her behavior. A
Christian's joy in Christ and quality of life is determined by
his/her own walk with Christ and no one else.
13. Do
encourage the counselee to focus on his/her own walk with the Lord
and his/her own obedience even if the problems that brought the
counselee in for counseling never change. In each session, remind
the counselee that he/she might not be able to change the situation
that brought the counselee in for counseling. But the counselee can
respond either righteously to the situation or unrighteously.
Assure the counselee that there are benefits in responding
righteously and that there are consequences to him/her in
responding unrighteously.
14. Do know that biblical counselors can't and are not called of
God to provide instant cures for other people's problems (or to
solve their problems or remove them from their problems). They are
responsible before God for correcting their own problems.
15. Do
know that some change (growth) takes time. This is the principle of
"progressive sanctification." Therefore, be patient. So long as the
counselee maintains a teachable spirit and is making progress, do
not give up in trying to help the person. Great joy awaits your
efforts when they yield "the peaceable fruit of righteousness" in
the counselee's life.
16. Do
look for what changes can and should take place immediately.
17. When
counseling couples with marriage problems, do not allow them to
draw you into addressing symptoms. Also, do not allow them to draw
you into addressing a 1 time sin or mistake that irritates their
partner. Rather, look for patterns of behavior that conflict with
the Scriptures. In other words, learn to evaluate what the person
says and learn to evaluate what the person does as part of the
bigger picture. Look for patterns of behavior that are sinful. In
this way, you won't treat one time failures or one time sins.
18. Make
sure that you counsel the person to replace sinful habits with
righteous ones and hold them firmly accountable to the necessity of
establishing good habits. It usually takes 6 weeks of practicing
righteous behavior for it to become a habit and to replace a sinful
habit.
19. Do
counsel the person who is present! Don't make the mistake of
counseling the person who is not present. Focus on what the
counselee can do to glorify God and better his/her own life through
obedience to God.
20. Do
collect all necessary data before jumping to conclusions. Don't
jump to conclusions without hearing the other person's side (Prov.
18:17). When inexperienced in the ministry, I made this mistake
quite a few times.
21.
Don't be afraid to say, "I don't know, but I will pray about it,
search the Scriptures and seek counsel from others (with permission
only) and I will get back to you soon."
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